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Published in JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS 2:18-19 (2008)
DOI: 10.3198/jpr2007.02.0077crc
© 2008 Crop Science Society of America
677 S. Segoe Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA
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CULTIVARS

Registration of ‘Maton II’ Forage Rye

J. L. Baker, M. C. Saha* and J. H. Bouton

Forage Improvement Division, The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, 2510 Sam Noble Pkwy., Ardmore, OK 73401

* Corresponding author (mcsaha{at}noble.org).

‘Maton II’ winter forage rye (Secale cereale L.) (Reg. No. CV-19, PI 643433) was developed by the Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Inc., Ardmore, OK. Maton II was tested under the experimental designation NF65. Maton II was released in 2006. Breeding line NF65 was developed from a single cross Polish-3 x ‘Maton’ (Bates, 1979) made in 1990 at the Foundation's greenhouse. Polish-3 is an early fall-winter forage selection from germplasm originating from Poland. Maton is a cultivar that has shown superior total forage production, disease resistance, winter hardiness and tillering capacity in the southern Great Plains of the U.S. The hybrid seed were planted in pots (two plants/pot) under greenhouse condition allowing open pollination, and seeds (cycle 0) were harvested in bulk. Ten individual cycle 0 plants were spaced-planted in the 1991–1992 season, from which three plants were selected based on early fall-winter yield potential. The half-sib seed (cycle 1) were harvested from the selected individuals and space-planted again (ten plants of each family) in the 1992–1993 season. Five superior individual plants from the best family were selected for further evaluation and the half-sib seed (cycle 2) were harvested. The selected half-sib families were evaluated in progeny rows in 1994–1995 under open pollination. The best performing family was selected and the cycle 3 seed were harvested in bulk. The selected line was further evaluated in individual row plots during 1995–1996 season. In 1996–1997, the selected line was introduced to preliminary forage trials at Ardmore as experimental NF65. Yield performance was evaluated in 1997–1998 to 2004–2005 forage yield trials at Ardmore and Burneyville, OK, and in state-wide trials. Maton II is a cross-pollinated cultivar in which breeder seed has been produced and maintained under isolation since the 1998–1999 season. Seed production and marketing rights were exclusively assigned to TOPCO, Enid, OK, who will produce the certified seeds in 2007.

Maton II is well-adapted in southern Oklahoma, north and east Texas, and Louisiana. Morphological and agronomic attributes are similar to Maton. Leaf size (21.06 x 12.01 cm2) and plant height (153 cm) are significantly greater than ‘Elbon’ but similar to Maton and ‘Wrens 96’ (Bruckner et al., 1999). Stem diameter (4.67 mm), node number (5.4) and internode length (12.86 cm) at maturity are similar to the rye cultivars mentioned above (Table 1 ). Disease ratings (leaf rust and stem rust) in Oklahoma indicated that Maton II has the same level of disease tolerance attributes compared to Maton and ‘Oklon’ (Bates and Baker, 1994) and designated as moderately resistant. Winter hardiness and lodging resistance of Maton II was similar to both Maton and Oklon at Ardmore and Burneyville, OK. Maton II forage contains approximately the same amount of dry matter (94.03%), but has higher crude protein (17.10%), lower acid detergent fiber (34.27%) and neutral detergent fiber (57.41%) than Maton and Oklon. In vitro digestibility of this line was at least 1.2% higher than the checks (Table 2 ).


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  		Table 1. Morphological characteristics of Maton II rye in comparison to the standard checks in Ardmore and Burneyville, OK.

 

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  		Table 2. Forage quality characteristics of Maton II rye in comparison to the standard checks in Ardmore, OK.

 
Maton II produced more total forage than commonly grown cultivars in southern Oklahoma (Fig. 1 ). In two years of yield testing in Louisiana, Maton II out-yielded Oklon, Maton, ‘Wintergrazer 70’, ‘Bates’ (Baker et al., 1996), ‘AGS 104’, ‘Boss’, and FL96RP16-34-1 by at least 7% for total yield (Alison, 2006). During seven years of testing (1997–2004) at Ardmore and Burneyville, the total and fall-winter dry forage yields of Maton II were 7207 and 3825 kg ha–1, respectively. Maton II produced 55% more fall-winter forage and 6% more total forage than Maton. During the same period, early forage yield of Maton II was 10% higher than Oklon, with 9% more total forage production (Fig. 1). The total forage yield of Maton II was the highest in southern Oklahoma, Texas, and Louisiana trials and fairly comparable to top yielders in Alabama, Georgia, and Florida (Alison, 2006; Glass and van Santen, 2006; Rose et al., 2006). Maton II was especially suitable for light-textured soils and out-yielded Oklon, Bates, Maton, Elbon, and Wrens 96 on the sandy-loam soils of the Red River Valley of Oklahoma (Fig. 1).


Figure 1
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  		Figure 1. Total and fall-winter yield potential of rye cultivars in Oklahoma. Yields were averaged across seven years performance at two locations, Ardmore and Burneyville. Small vertical bars represent SE.

 
The main advantage of Maton II was its early fall-winter forage potential. More than 53% of its total yield is produced during the early season (November to February). Fall-winter yield of late-maturing rye cultivars Maton and Elbon was only 33 to 34% of total production. Maton II out-yielded all the cultivars mentioned above except Wrens 96 for early fall-winter forage production in the southern Great Plains (Fig. 1). Early production of Wrens 96 fluctuated widely over years, but Maton II was fairly stable over seven years of testing at Burneyville.

Seed production of rye cultivars and strains varied from 2760 to 3758 kg ha–1 at Burneyville, OK. Maton II yielded 3150 kg ha–1, which was 13 and 2% less than Maton and Oklon, respectively. However, seed yield of Maton II was 16 and 4% higher than Maton and Oklon, respectively at Ardmore, OK (Baker, 2005).

A phylogenetic analysis of rye cultivars was made with the tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) EST-SSR markers (Saha et al., 2004). The Noble Foundation cultivars Elbon, Maton, Oklon, Bates, and Maton II formed a distinct cluster with a similarity coefficient of 0.78, which was clearly different from AGS 104, a cultivar released by the University of Florida. Maton II made a diverse node within the Foundation's genotype cluster and Elbon was its closest relative. Maton, the late-maturing parent of Maton II, was in a distant node. Results indicated that Maton II was genetically different from Maton, which might be attributed to genetic recombinations that occurred during the development process.

U.S. Plant Variety Protection for Maton II has been filed (PVP application No. 200600289). All seed requests should be sent to the corresponding author during the period of Protection by the Plant Variety Protection Certificate. Seed of this release is deposited in the National Plant Germplasm System where it will be available after the expiry of the Plant Variety Protection for research purposes, including development and commercialization of new cultivars. It is requested that appropriate recognition be made if this germplasm contributes to the development of new germplasm or cultivars.

Acknowledgments

Appreciation is extended to Dr. Lloyd Nelson, Texas Agricultural Experiment Station; Dr. Wink Alison, Louisiana State University; K. Glass, Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station; J. Day, University of Georgia; and Dr. David Lang, Mississippi State University, for their collaboration in performance data collection. We are thankful to Dr. Billy Cook, Noble Foundation, for taking care of Foundation seed production, and Shawn Norton, Roger Hartwell, Julie Barrick, Brian Motes, Jennifer Black, and Lynn Jacob for technical assistance.

Footnotes

All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permission for printing and for reprinting the material contained herein has been obtained by the publisher.

Received for publication February 8, 2007.

References





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