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Univ. of Florida, North Florida Research and Education Center, 3925 Hwy. 71, Marianna, FL 32446
* Corresponding author (dgorbet{at}ufl.edu).
‘Hull’ peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. subsp. hypogaea var. hypogaea) (Reg. No. CV-98, PI 633048) cultivar was developed by the University of Florida Agricultural Experiment Station (FAES) and was approved for release in 2002. Hull is a medium-late maturity (approximately 145 d), runner market-type peanut cultivar with high-oleic (
80% C18:1) fatty acid oil chemistry in the seed. Hull has good resistance to spotted wilt caused by Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV), a Tospovirus. Tested experimentally as UF98326 (89xOL28-H0l-7-4-1-2-b3-B), Hull originates from a 1989 three-way cross made at the North Florida Research and Education Center (NFREC), Marianna, FL, between the F1 ‘Southern Runner’ (Gorbet et al., 1987) and the FAES high-oleic breeding line F435-HO (Norden et al., 1987), used as the female parent, and pollinated with the FAES unreleased breeding line UF81206. UF81206 is a selection from PI203396 x F427B-3-1-7-4-B and has good to excellent multiple disease resistance to late leafspot [Cercosporidium personatum (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Deighton], stem rot (Sclerotium rolfsii Sacc.), rust (Puccinia arachidis Speg.), and TSWV (Gorbet and Shokes, 2002). The cross was made to provide material to select for high-oleic fatty acid oil chemistry with good pod and seed yields, good grades with medium to late maturity, and good multiple disease resistance. The main diseases selected for resistance were TSWV, late leaf spot, and stem rot or white mold (Gorbet, 2003). Hull originates from a single high-oleic seed from a F1 plant from the above-mentioned three-way cross.
Hull was developed from an individual plant pedigree selection program conducted at the Marianna NFREC under unsprayed (leaf spot) management with irrigation and good fertility. Single plant selections were made in unsprayed (for leafspot control) field tests in the F2 to F6. Selection focused on runner market types and good yields, with resistance to TSWV and late leaf spot. Hull was first yield tested in F7 at Marianna in 1996 under unsprayed field conditions (Gorbet, 2003).
Plants of Hull have runner growth habit with alternate stem and flower branching pattern, normal leaf size and shape, and normal to somewhat lighter green plant color, especially near maturity. Hull has less vine growth than ‘C-99R’ (Gorbet and Shokes, 2002), which is currently the most widely grown leaf spot resistant cultivar in the southeastern USA. The seed of Hull is plump and somewhat elongated, similar in size, shape, and color to those of C-99R. Seeds of Hull have a tan testa with a 100-seed weight of 70 ± 2 g, the same to slightly smaller than C-99R (71 ± 2 g 100 seed–1).
In 31 Florida field tests sprayed for leaf spot control, pod yields for Hull were statistically the same as for C-99R (5308 vs. 5169 ha kg–1, respectively). In 21 unsprayed field leaf spot tests, the pod yields for Hull were essentially the same as for C-99R (3399 vs. 3446 kg ha–1, respectively). Hull grades slightly less in total sound mature kernels (TSMK) grade content than C-99R (77.3 and 78.8%, respectively). Data on disease ratings for leaf spot and TSWV, comparing Hull and C-99R, indicate that they are essentially the same in resistance to those two diseases. In Georgia and Florida TSWV field studies (1998–2000), Hull showed significantly less TSWV and better pod yields than ‘Georgia Green’ (Branch, 1996), with 33.9 vs. 50.0% for disease and 4879 vs. 3281 kg ha–1 for yield, respectively, in April space-planted tests. In inoculated stem rot field studies, Hull had a pod yield advantage over C-99R and Georgia Green (4854 vs. 4322 and 3789 kg ha–1, respectively), but disease severity was essentially the same as for C-99R (3.2 vs. 3.0), based on a scale of 1 to 10 scale, with 1 = no disease. In sprayed vs. unsprayed leaf spot field tests, Hull performed essentially the same as C-99R.
The major differences between Hull and C-99R are the oil chemistry and vine growth traits. Hull has high-oleic oil, and C-99R has normal seed oil chemistry (80 vs. 59%, C18:1). Also, C-99R tends to have somewhat higher seed oil content, with 49% for Hull and 52% for C-99R from 1999–2000 Florida data. Hull and C-99R both contain about 3% sugar and 26 to 27% protein, with flavor ratings of about 5.0, which is good to acceptable. Hull did not blanch quite as well as C-99R in 1999–2001 Florida samples, with a whole-seed blanch of 76 vs. 85%, partial blanch of 7.5 vs. 5.5%, and not blanched of 4.3 vs. 2.0%. Shelling studies indicate that Hull is very similar to C-99R, with slightly less meat content (77 vs. 79%) (Gorbet, 2003).
Hull received approval for a U.S. Plant Variety Protection Certificate (PVP No. 200300207) in August 2005 for growing only as a class of Certified seed. Current commercial seed production is arranged through contracts with Florida Foundation Seed Producers, Inc., P.O. Box 309, Greenwood, FL 32443. Breeder seed will be maintained by Florida Agricultural Experiment Station. Seed has been submitted to the National Plant Germplasm System (NPGS) for post-PVP expiration distribution. Further inquires on small quantities of seed for research purposes should be directed to the author.
Footnotes
All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permission for printing and for reprinting the material contained herein has been obtained by the publisher.
Received for publication January 22, 2007.
References
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